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The Epic Interactive Encyclopedia 1998
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Epic Interactive Encyclopedia, The - 1998 Edition (1998)(Epic Marketing).iso
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B
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Bacteria
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INFOTEXT
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1992-09-03
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Bacteria (singular: bacterium) is the most
plentiful plant life on the planet, and
can be found in salt and fresh water, air,
soil and dust. They differ from other plants
in several ways, consisting of a mass of
protoplasm within a firm cell wall made
mainly of protein and not cellulose
(as in other plants). They do not contain
chloroplasts, so few are able to manafacture
their own food, mostly being either
SAPROPHYTES or a PARASITE. Some can swim
around (in water or blood for instance) by
movement of one or more filaments (flagella),
and are minute measuring only 0.0001mm
across.
Bacteria reproduce by binary FISSION (the
protoplasm divides into two, each half
containing half the original nucleus). They
can grow to full size and divide again in
about 20-30 minutes, so unless conditions
prevent further multiplication, a single
cell could produce hundreds of millions of
bacteria in 10 hours. Some bacteria are
extremely useful. Some help to decompose
material, including sewage, some live in the
roots of plants and fix nitrogen, others
live in the intestines of a MAMMAL and help
to manafacture certain vitamins. Others help
in the digestion of food.
Bacteria are used in butter and cheese
making, and many in ANTIBIOTICS (such as
streptomycin) are manafactured by bacteria.
A minority produce diseases however,
especially various kinds of food poisoning.
Subject by: Graham Hamilton